Ma muli o ka puhi ʻana i nā kumu wahie paʻa - e like me ka wahie, ka ʻōpala mea kanu, a me ka lepo - no ka kuke ʻana a me ka hoʻomehana ʻana.
ʻO ka puhi ʻana o ia mau wahie, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma nā ʻohana ʻilihune, ka hopena i ka haumia o ka ea e alakaʻi ai i nā maʻi hanu e hiki ke hopena i ka make mua.Ua kapa ʻo WHO i ka pollution ea i loko o ka honua "ka pilikia olakino kaiapuni nui loa o ka honua."
ʻO ka hoʻohaumia ʻana o ka ea o loko kekahi o nā kumu pilikia nui no ka make mua
ʻO ka hoʻohaumia ʻana o ka ea i loko o ka hale kahi kumu nui o ka make mua ma nā ʻāina ʻilihune
ʻO ka haumia ea o loko kekahi o nā pilikia kaiapuni nui loa o ka honua – ʻoi loa no kaʻilihune loa o ka honuaʻaʻole loaʻa pinepine i nā wahie maʻemaʻe no ka kuke ʻana.
ʻO kaKe kaumaha o ka maʻi honuahe noiʻi nui honua e pili ana i nā kumu a me nā kumu pilikia o ka make a me ka maʻi i paʻi ʻia ma ka puke pai lāʻau lapaʻauʻO ka Lancet.2Hōʻike ʻia kēia mau manaʻo o ka helu makahiki o nā make i pili i ka nui o nā kumu pilikia.Hōʻike ʻia kēia pakuhi no ka huina honua, akā hiki ke ʻimi ʻia no kēlā me kēia ʻāina a i ʻole ka ʻāina me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka "change country".
ʻO ka hoʻohaumia ʻana o ka ea i loko o ka hale he kumu pilikia ia no kekahi o nā kumu nui o ka make o ka honua, ʻo ia hoʻi ka maʻi puʻuwai, ka maʻi maʻi maʻi, ka hahau ʻana, ka maʻi diabetes a me ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā.3Ma ka pakuhi ʻike mākou ʻo ia kekahi o nā kumu pilikia nui no ka make ma ka honua.
Wahi a kaKe kaumaha o ka maʻi honuanoiʻi 2313991 make i pili i loko o ka pollution i loko o ka makahiki hope loa.
No ka mea hou loa ka ʻikepili IHME ke hilinaʻi nui nei mākou i ka ʻikepili IHME i kā mākou hana ma ka pollution ea o loko.Akā he mea pono e hoʻomaopopo i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka WHO i ka nui o ka nui o ka make o ka pollution o loko.I ka makahiki 2018 (ka ʻikepili hou loa i loaʻa) ua manaʻo ka WHO he 3.8 miliona mau make.4
ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hopena olakino o ka pollution ea i loko o nā ʻāina haʻahaʻa.Inā mākou e nānā i ka haʻihaʻi no nā ʻāina me kahi haʻahaʻa sociodemographic index - 'Low SDI' ma ka pakuhi pili - ʻike mākou ʻo ka hoʻohaumia ʻana o ka ea i loko o nā kumu pilikia loa.
ʻO ka hoʻolaha honua o nā make mai ka haumia ea o loko
ʻO 4.1% o nā make honua e pili ana i ka pollution o loko
Ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka pollution ea o loko i ka 2313991 make i ka makahiki hope loa.ʻO ia ke kumu o ka haumia o ka ea i loko o ka hale no 4.1% o ka make honua.
Ma ka palapala ʻāina ʻike mākou i ka māhele o nā make makahiki i pili i ka haumia ea i loko o ka honua.
Ke hoʻohālikelike nei mākou i ka mahele o ka make i pili i ka pollution ea i loko o ka manawa a i ʻole ma waena o nā ʻāina, ʻaʻole mākou e hoʻohālikelike wale i ka nui o ka pollution o loko, akā ʻo kona koʻikoʻi.ma ka pōʻaiapilio na kumu pilikia e ae no ka make.ʻAʻole pili wale ka nui o ka pollution i loko o ka ea i ka nui o ka poʻe i make mua mai ia mea, akā he aha nā kānaka e make ai a pehea e loli ai kēia.
Ke nānā nei mākou i ka ʻāpana e make ana i ka pollution ea o loko, kiʻekiʻe nā helu ma nā ʻāina haʻahaʻa loa ma Sub-Saharan Africa, akā ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa loa mai nā ʻāina ma waena o Asia a i ʻole ʻAmelika Latin.Ma laila, ʻo ka paʻakikī o ka haumia o ka ea i loko - i hōʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka make - ua uhi ʻia e ka hana o nā mea pilikia ʻē aʻe i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, e like me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.wai palekana, ilihunehoʻomaʻemaʻea me ka moe kolohe ʻole he kumu pilikia ia noHIV/AIDS.
ʻOi aku ka nui o ka make ma waena o nā ʻāina haʻahaʻa
ʻO ka nui o ka make mai ka hoʻohaumia ʻana o ka ea i loko e hāʻawi iā mākou i ka hoʻohālikelike pololei o nā ʻokoʻa i kona hopena make ma waena o nā ʻāina a me ka manawa.ʻOkoʻa i ka mahele o nā make a mākou i aʻo ai ma mua, ʻaʻole i hoʻololi ʻia ka nui o ka make e ka loli ʻana o nā kumu ʻē aʻe a i ʻole nā kumu pilikia o ka make.
Ma kēia palapala 'āina, 'ike mākou i ka make 'ana mai ka pollution o loko o ka honua.ʻO ka nui o ka make e ana i ka nui o nā make ma 100,000 poʻe ma kahi ʻāina a i ʻole ka ʻāina.
ʻO ka mea e maopopo ai ka ʻokoʻa nui o ka make ma waena o nā ʻāina: kiʻekiʻe nā kumukūʻai ma nā ʻāina haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻoi aku ma waena o Sub-Saharan Africa a me Asia.
E hoʻohālikelike i kēia mau helu me ka poʻe ma waena o nā ʻāina ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe: ma waena o ʻAmelika ʻĀkau ka helu ma lalo o 0.1 mau make ma 100,000.ʻOi aku ka ʻokoʻa ma mua o 1000.
ʻO ka pilikia o ka hoʻohaumia ʻana o ka ea i loko o ka hale, no laila, aia ka ʻāpana hoʻokele waiwai: he pilikia ia i aneane pau loa i nā ʻāina kiʻekiʻe, akā mau nō ka pilikia kaiapuni a me ke olakino ma nā kālā haʻahaʻa.
ʻIke maopopo mākou i kēia pilina ke hoʻolālā mākou i nā helu make me ka loaʻa kālā, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻiamaanei.Aia kahi pilina maikaʻi ʻole: e emi ana ka nui o ka make i ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻāina.He oiaio no hoi keia i ka wahana i keia hoohalikema waena o ka nui o ka ʻilihune a me nā hopena pollution.
Pehea ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka make mai ka hoʻohaumia ʻana o ka ea i loko o ka manawa?
Ua emi nā make makahiki mai ka hoʻohaumia ʻana o ka ea i loko o ka honua
ʻOiai ʻo ka hoʻohaumia ʻana o ka ea i loko o kekahi o nā kumu koʻikoʻi nui no ka make, a ʻo ka mea nui loa o ka pilikia ma nā uku haʻahaʻa, ua holomua nui ka honua i nā makahiki i hala iho nei.
Ma ke ao holoʻokoʻa, ua hāʻule nui ka helu o nā make makahiki mai ka hoʻohaumia ʻana o ka ea i loko o ka hale mai ka makahiki 1990. ʻIke mākou i kēia ma ka hiʻohiʻona, e hōʻike ana i ka helu makahiki o nā make i pili i ka pollution ea i loko o ka honua.
ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻoiai ua hoʻomau ʻiaulu nui kanakai nā makahiki i hala iho nei, uahuinake emi nei ka nui o ka poe make mai ka haumia ea o loko.
Hele mai https://ourworldindata.org/indoor-air-pollution
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-10-2022